Biography of John Garang de Mabior, Sudanese Rebel

Biography of John Garang de Mabior, Sudanese Rebel Colonel John Garang de Mabior was a Sudanese rebel leader, founder of the Sudan Peoples Liberation Army (SPLA) which fought a 22-year civil war against the northern-dominated, Islamist Sudanese Government. He was made vice president of Sudan on the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005, shortly before his death. Date of Birth:  June 23, 1945, Wangkulei, Anglo-Egyptian SudanDate ofDeath:  July 30, 2005, Southern Sudan Early Life John Garang was born into the Dinka ethnic group, educated in Tanzania and graduated from Grinnell College in Iowa in 1969. He returned to The Sudan and joined the Sudanese army, but left the following year for the south and joined the Anya Nya, a rebel group fighting for the rights of the Christian and animist south, in a country which was dominated by the Islamist north. The rebellion, which was sparked by the decision made by the colonial British to join the two parts of Sudan when independence was granted in 1956, became a full-blown civil war in the early 1960s. 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement In 1972 the Sudanese president, Jaafar Muhammad an-Numeiry, and Joseph Lagu, leader of the Anya Nya, signed the Addis Ababa Agreement which gave autonomy to the south. Rebel fighters, including John Garang, were absorbed into the Sudanese army. Garang was promoted to Colonel and sent to Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, for training. He also received a doctorate in agricultural economics from Iowa State University in 1981. On his return to the Sudan, he was made deputy director of military research and an infantry battalion commander. Second Sudanese Civil War By the early 1980s, the Sudanese government was becoming increasingly Islamist. These measures included the introduction of  Sharia law throughout Sudan, an imposition of black slavery by northern Arabs, and Arabic being made the official language of instruction. When Garang was sent south to quell a new uprising by the Anya Nya, he instead swapped sides and formed the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement (SPLM) and their military wing the SPLA. 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement In 2002 Garang began peace talks with Sudanese president Omar al-Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir, which culminated in the signing of the  Comprehensive Peace Agreement on January 9, 2005. As part of the agreement, Garang was made vice president of Sudan. The peace agreement was supported by establishing a United Nations Mission in Sudan. U.S. President George W. Bush expressed hope that Garang would be a promising leader as the U.S. supported South Sudanese independence. While Garang often expressed Marxist principles, he was also a Christian. Death Only a few months after the peace agreement, on July 30, 2005, a helicopter carrying Garang back from talks with the president of Uganda crashed in the mountains near the border. Although both Al-Bashirs government and Salva Kiir Mayardit, the new leader of the SPLM, blamed the crash on poor visibility, doubts remain about the crash. His legacy is that he is considered to be a very influential figure in the history of South Sudan.

Managerial Entrenchment In the Corporate World

Managerial Entrenchment In the Corporate World One of the biggest threats to long-term success is managerial entrenchment, which occurs when corporate leaders put their own self-interests ahead of the companys goals. This is of concern to people working in finance and corporate governance such as compliance officers and investors because managerial entrenchment can affect shareholder value, employee morale, and even lead to legal action in some instances. Definition Managerial entrenchment can be defined as an action, such as investing corporate funds, that is made by a manager in order to boost his or her perceived value as an employee, rather than to benefit the company financially or otherwise. Or, in the phrasing of Michael Weisbach, a noted finance professor and author: Managerial entrenchment occurs when managers gain so much power that they are able to use the firm to further their own interests rather than the interests of shareholders. Corporations depend on investors to raise capital, and these relationships can take years to build and maintain. Companies rely on managers and other employees to cultivate investors, and its expected that employees will leverage these connections to benefit corporate interests. Some workers also use the perceived value of these transactional relations to ensconce themselves within the organization, making them difficult to dislodge. Experts in the field of finance call this a  dynamic capital structure. For example, a mutual-fund manager with a track record of producing consistent returns and retaining large corporate investors may use those relationships (and the implied threat of losing them) as a means of earning more compensation from management. Noted finance professors  Andrei Shleifer  of Harvard University and  Robert Vishny  of University of Chicago describe the problem this way:   By making manager-specific investments, managers can reduce the probability of being replaced, extract higher wages and larger prerequisites from shareholders, and obtain more latitude in determining corporate strategy. Risks Over time, this can affect  capital structure decisions, which in turn affects the way in which shareholders and the managers opinions affect the way a company is run. Managerial entrenchment can reach all the way to the C-suite. Plenty of companies with sliding stock prices and shrinking market shares have been unable to dislodge powerful CEOs whose best days are well behind them. Investors may abandon the company, making it vulnerable to a hostile takeover. Workplace morale can also suffer, prompting talent to leave or for toxic relationships to fester.  A manager who makes purchasing or investment decisions based on personal bias, rather in a companys interests, can also  cause  statistical discrimination. In extreme circumstances, experts say, management may even turn a blind eye to unethical or illegal business behavior, such as insider trading or collusion, in order to retain an employee who is entrenched. Sources Martin, Gregory, and Lail, Bradley. The Downside to Limiting Manager Entrenchment. Columbia.edu, 3 April 2017.Schleifer, Andrei, and Vishny, Robert W. Managerial Entrenchment: The Case of Manager-Specific Investments. Journal of Financial Economics. 1989.Weisbach, Michael. Outside Directors and CEO Turnover. Journal of Financial Economics. 1988.Wharton School of University of Pennsylvania staff. The Cost of Entrenchment: Why CEOs Are Rarely Fired. UPenn.edu, 19 January 2011.

GEMOLOGY AND MATERIALS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GEMOLOGY AND MATERIALS - Essay Example The crystals were of high quality and displayed dramatic color changes and vivid hues. The mineral also caught people’s attention as it reflected the imperial Russian flag. It became a national stone and was thought to have mystical powers. The Ural mountain deposits, however, did not last long and was later sourced from countries such as Brazil, Sri Lanka, and East Africa. Russia, however, remains as the primary source of the Gemstone (Schreiber, 2003). As stated above, Alexandrite is sourced from several regions apart from Russia. The Ural deposits were thought to be no more in 1980 and interests in the Gemstone decreased gradually. The situation, however, changed in 1987 when its deposits were found in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Brazilian Alexandrite also showed distinctive color changes. The Gemstone is also sourced from Sri Lanka, but its hues are not of high quality. Since 1990, Tunduru area in Tanzania has also been a source of outstanding Alexandrite Gemstones. Other sources include areas in Zimbabwe, Burma, India, and Madagascar (Schreiber, 2003). Although all Alexandrite Gemstone is elegant, its value lies on its ability to change color. Just like other colored stones, its value is also tied to it color’s degree of saturation and clarity. A stone with modest color changes having attractive and saturated colors is valuable than one who’s colors are browned or grayed and less dramatic. Alexandrite’s low availability, supply, and rarity are all indications of its high value. There are no established price tags for the gemstones because their availability is limited and are hardly found in stores. Starting with India, about 160 locations have been identified and mapped as Alexandrite Gem producing areas. Areas near the Araku Valley, for example, are very rich reserves of Alexandrite. Lack of funding, control by tribesmen and sanctions from the government have hindered mining activities and

Samsung Electronics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Samsung Electronics - Case Study Example The memory industry is characterized by having few powerful suppliers. The consumers are extremely price conscious thus profit margins are low. In order to be able to get lower prices from suppliers companies have to buy in bulk. Suppliers give high volume buyers a 5% purchase discount. Memory represents about 4-12% of the cost of an OEM computer. The OEM computer industry is the primary buyers of DRAM. The OEM computer industry is fragmented and no single OEM manufacturer holds more than a 20% market share. Quality is a critical success factor for companies in the memory industry. Product quality allows companies to achieve customer retention (Kotler, 2002). Defective memory is high risk for a computer manufacturer because it could destroy product value. OEM companies are willing to pay an extra 1% price premium for reliable suppliers. Samsung which is a successful player in the memory industry developed new types of cutting edge memory chips that enable them to differentiate themselves from the competition. The use of innovation enabled the company to have a great product variety and penetrate niche markets within the industry were they could charge higher prices. In 2003 Samsung offered 1200 types of DRAM products. This gave the company an advantage because by 2005 the prices of the older memory technology started to depreciate in price. When this occur the best approach for companies that did not have the new innovative products like Samsung was to utilize a strategy to gain market share. Chinese manufacturers utilized the strategic approach of increasing market share. Another critical success factor in the industry is having organizational experience and tacit knowledge to master the design and production process. Testing chips for reliability during the production process was imperative. Successful companies designed process improvements to allow more

Why the troop withdrawal timeline is not a good idea Essay Example for Free

Why the troop withdrawal timeline is not a good idea Essay The withdrawal of twenty to forty thousand U.S. troops from Iraq this fall would have a great impact on November elections that are just about to take place. A new Gallup poll just released showed that Bush’s approval rating reached a new low of thirty four percent and that on average his approval rating has been dropping one point a month over the past four years because of this timeline of troop withdrawal. This withdrawal would show progress in the war in Iraq and this will have a great impact in the coming elections on who should take charge to prevent the war. The republicans state that primary goal is to get as many Iraqi soldiers trained as possible so that they can fill in for departing U.S. troops before they can withdraw the U.S. troops from Iraq. The war in Iraq has been a political issue since House and Senate leaders voted on a resolution giving the president license to use force in Iraq just weeks before the 2002 midterm election. Republicans hammered Democrats who opposed the war, as well as their unwillingness to support relaxing labor rules for employees of a newly created Department of Homeland Security. There is a notion if Iraq can forge a truly legitimate state, there is a slight assumption by some that the Iraqis can never match US troops, that training an indigenous force is politically required but operationally suspect. History indicates that counter insurgency operations are more effective if undertaken by local forces and to the degree that the deployment of Iraqi forces reduces American casualties hence it can relieve American domestic political opposition to the war.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A US decision to withdraw troops under these conditions would leave an intensely corrupt, divided, dysfunctional and authoritarian regime that would affect Iraq immensely and this would be a loss of confidence to the Democrats on handling the war in Iraq. This would impact the people’s opinion on the coming election of voting for those who do not support the war on the Iraqi. The conventional criteria for the withdrawal of US troops thus come down to the capacity of US trained Iraqis to impose, enforce and maintain security. The U.S should ensure that the timeline of troop withdrawal comes when we have competent, skilled, equipped security-making and security-keeping Iraqi force that will be able to stop the war on Iraq.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 2006, the American people elected a Democratic Congress to change course and end this war. It’s the whole reason the American people voted for change. Yet, 10 months after the election, we still have the status quo and Congress has still failed to do the people’s will of stopping the war on Iraq. The Republicans add that a small withdrawal of the surge will not be enough to satisfy anti-war Americans to be able to vote for the Democrats but instead will progress the war. Sectarian violence could erupt on a scale never seen before in Iraq if coalition troops leave before Iraqs security forces are ready. Supporters of al Qaeda could develop an international hub of terror from which to threaten the West.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A rapid withdrawal of all U.S. troops would hurt Americas image and hand al Qaeda and other terror groups a propaganda victory that the United States could not be able to stop the war but withdraw its troop. This is a big blow to the democrats especially at this time of the elections drawing near. Sunni Muslim fighters who support al Qaeda would seek an enclave inside a lawless Iraq along sectarian lines into Shiite, Sunni and Kurdish regions hence a threat to terrorism to the Americans. The republicans want to prevent the central and western Iraq from becoming a Sunni militant state that threatens our interests directly as an international terror hub especially for the Americans. There is an increasing attempt by terrorists to establish a training sanctuary in Iraq when the U.S. troops are with drawn from Iraq because the Iraqi troops are not well train to deal with terrorist and hence require more time to be trained well. No one wants an abrupt withdrawal that produces a civil war, a bloodbath, nor a wider war in an unstable Mideast hence until Iraq troops can be able to govern their own states well without the U.S. troops. The politicians do not want a U.S that is perceived as having been badly defeated in the global war on terror or as an unreliable future ally or coalition partner thus they are all up against the withdrawal of the troops until they are confident that no more civil war can take place. This withdrawal timeline is dangerous especially for the political climate that has deep effect for the democrats to take back the position of power through elections. There is also a great anticipation of an increase of both the U.S troops’ left and Iraqi casualties if Iraq’s neighbors would be drawn into the all out civil war likely if U.S. forces left too quickly. Iran could move in to further strengthen its influence in southern Iraq, Turkey likely would move against the Kurds in the north and Saudi Arabia would be inclined to take action to protect Sunnis in western Iraq. There are also fears that an Iraq left without U.S. support could turn into a center for international terrorism and a proxy battlefield for regional powers like Iran, Syria and Saudi Arabia. All the surrounding countries will think their interests are much better maintained not by directly sending troops but by continuing to send money and weapons to the people fighting that war. I think it would cause a huge vacuum that the enemies of Iraq enemies of the government would take advantage because they U.S. will also withdraw all its support to Iraq.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The oil sector could also get hit hard, with Iran potentially mining the Persian Gulf and attempting to close the Straits of Hormuz thus putting a stranglehold on oil flow especially to the U.S. who also deeply depend on Iraq for oil. Thus this timeline to withdraw the troop could affect the U.S economy greatly because the oil flow could be greatly affected. Oil prices would go up perhaps changing from current prices of about $60 a barrel to more than $100 a barrel, with consequent rises at the gas pump. Saudi Arabia will not allow increasing Iranian dominance to endanger its regime and oil economy if Iran could strengthen its influence in southern Iraq. The Politicians should use US policy to combat, contain, and roll back the violent activities and destabilizing influence inside Iraq of the Government of Iran.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another issues that could be dangerous for U.S interest to withdraw its troop at this time is that the U.S. have spent so much with the deployment of its troop to Iraq and the reconstruction of Iraq after the war. Withdrawing its troop now could be seen as a loss especially to the U.S. economy because they have spent so much money through their troops and in the rebuilding of Iraqi state. If the troops are withdrawn now and the country goes back to war then the U.S would have lost so much resource that they have invested to bring down the Saddam regime to far worse regime. This would be a big blow politically to President Bush for having to fail and the U.S. having lost 264 troops as the highest number of fatalities or military casualties ever in that period and more than double the number of Americans killed in Iraq in summer of 2004 on war. The American will not allow the democrats to take charge and will not vote them in the coming elections. Losing in this war would also mean loss for the Americans and for the Interest of the U.S. government. The other states or nations would also see this as a big blow especially for U.S having to start the war, bringing the Saddam regime down but having to no effort to reconstruct Iraq being a Super power nation. The families who lost their men in the army will also be affected having sacrificed their member and the government not having to accomplish their task of restoring peace but withdrawing their troops where their men dedicated their strength. Lastly this timeline withdrawal is also greatly opposed as politicians also state that the Iraq troops should also be left to form their own government and defend their nation as early as possible because they have been trained and the U.S troops will have to leave at some point. The U.S troops are also blamed to cause this civil war and if withdraw immediately peace will prevail and Iraq government will have to take control and rebuild their nation. This timeline seems dangerous for this political climate due for election hence the troops should not be withdrawn until the Iraqi troop can be able to take full charge of their government. Reference David E Michael R. (2007): Chaos Overran Iraq Plan in 2006, New York Times. Daniel B. and Kenneth P. (2006):- Explosive Affinities. Cross-Border Consequences of Civil Strife, Berlin Journal. Dahl, R. (1998): On Democracy: New Haven: Yale University Press. McKay, D. (1997):- American Politics and Society: Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers. Tocqueville, A. Alfred A (1999): Democracy in America: New York Publishers.

An Indian Woman In Guatemala Essay -- Guatemala India History Historic

An Indian Woman In Guatemala Guatemala is the land of Eternal Springs and the home of the richly cultured and historic Mayan people. It it also the country of Rigoberta Menchu, an illiterate farm worker, turned voice of oppressed people everywhere. Guatemala also has the sad distinction of being home to Latin America's oldest civil war. "For more than three decades, left-wing guerrillas have fought a series of rightist governments in Guatemala. The war has killed an estimated 140,000 in the country, which has 11 million people." (N.Y. Times June 14, 1996 pA4 col 2) This is a story of a people in crisis, and one woman's struggle to use truth, as a means of setting her people free. The majority of the population are Indians, and much of the struggles arise out of the ashes of the past. Spain conquered Guatemala in 1524, which was the start of the oppression of the native people of Guatemala. Since this time the native people have been ruled by the Spanish speaking minority, the Ladinos, many of which are descended from the Spanish colonists. Beginning in 1954, when Guatemala's elected government was overthrown by the army, the military began a brutal war against the Indian people. This type of torture and oppression continued, and during the 1970's the repression was especially harsh; during this time more and more Indians began to resist. It was during this time that Rigoberta Menchu's family became involved in the resistance. The situation in Guatemala is similar to South Africa, where the black majority are ruled with absolute power by the white minority. Like South Africa, the Indians in Guatemala are lacking in even the most basic of human rights. "Indeed the so-called forest Indians are being systematically exterminated in the name of progress. But unlike the Indian rebels of the past, who wanted to go back to pre-Columbian times, Rigoberta Menchu is not fighting in the name of an idealized or mythical past." (Menchu xiii) Rigoberta is working toward drawing attention to the plight of native people around the globe. Once an illiterate farm worker, she has taught herself to read and write Spanish, the language of her oppressor, as a means of relating her story to the world. She tells the story of her life with honesty and integrity in hopes of impressing upon the world the indignation of the oppressed. In additi... ...She has been accused of supporting the country's leftist actions and harming Guatemala's image abroad. In awarding the prize, the Nobel committee wanted to draw attention to the plight of Guatemala's Indians in the hope that it would lead to improved conditions. Recently, Guatemalans have found cause for that hope, as a peace accord is due to be signed in January 1997, ending the fighting between the rebels and the government. In addition, a truth commission has been formed to help families of disappeared members find answers relating to their deaths, by uncovering the country's many unmarked mass graves. Rigoberta Menchu continues to live in exile under death threghts upon her return to Guatemala. She is well adapted to the life which has been handed down to her, by generations of poor and oppressed Indians. Yet when she speaks, she speaks of her beautiful culture, and of the many joys that her family had over the years, all without a trace of bitterness in her voice. Works Cited Menchu, Rigoberta. I, Rigoberta Menchu: An Indian Woman In Guatemala. London: Verso, 1984. "Guatemalans Take New Step Toward Peace." The New York Times 14 June 1996, pA4 col 2

7 Chankras Essay

Chakra is a Sanskrit word meaning spinning wheel. Chakras are part of the subtle anatomy. The seven major chakras line up from the crown of the head to the base of the spine and connect to various endocrine glands. Each major chakra is directly associated with many aspects of the mind-body-spirit dynamic. When a specific chakra is closed, distorted, or congested, the perception of stress, disease, or illness may result (Seaward, 2012, p. 72.) Of the seven major subtle energy chakras, Western culture only recognizes the seventh chakra, known as the crown chakra. See more: Examples of satire in adventures of huckfinn essay The first chakra is known as the root chakra. It is found at the base of the spine. This chakra is associated with safety and security issues; it represents our foundation and feeling of being grounded (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) Furthermore, the root chakra is connected energetically to some organs of the reproductive system, hip joints, lower back, and pelvic area. Some health issues that are believed to correspond with disturbances of the root chakra include lower-back pain, sciatica, rectal difficulties, and some cancers (Seaward, 2012, p. 73.) Some of the emotional issues tied to the root chakra include survival issues such as financial independence, money, and food (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) This chakra is known as the seat of the Kundalini energy, a spiritually based concept that is yet to be understood in Western culture (Seaward, 2012, p. 73.) If the Western Culture were to accept the root chakra, it would promote a deep, person al relationship with Earth and nature. When one is rooted in life, they are filled with satisfaction, stability and inner strength (â€Å"The Human Chakra System,† 2009.) The second chakra, known as the sacral chakra, is associated with the sex organs, as well as personal power in terms of business and social relationships (Seaward, 2012, p. 74.) It describes our connection and ability to accept others and new experiences. It is located in the lower abdomen, about 2 inches below the navel and 2 inches in (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) The sacral charka deals with emotional feelings that are associated with issues of sexuality, sense of abundance, pleasure, and self-worth. When self-worth is viewed through external means like money, job, or sexuality, this created an energy distortion in this region. Obsessiveness with material gain is believed to be a means to compensate for low self-worth, therefore, created a distortion to this chakra. Some of the symptoms associated with this chakra include menstrual difficulties, infertility, vaginal infections, ovarian cysts, impotency, lower-back pain, sexual dysfunction, slipped disks, and b ladder and urinary infections (Seaward, 2012, p. 74.) Accepting the sacral chakra would encourage people to more easily open themselves towards others, especially the opposite sex (â€Å"The Human Chakra System,† 2009.) The solar plexus chakra, located in the upper stomach region, is the third chakra. This chakra feeds into the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, including the abdomen, small intestine, colon, gallbladder, kidneys, liver, pancreas, adrenal glands, and spleen. This region is associated with self-confidence, self-respect, and empowerment (Seaward, 2012, p. 74.) It relates to our ability to be confident and in-control of our lives (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) The solar plexus chakra is commonly known as a gut feeling – an intuitive sense closely connected to our level of personal power. Blockages to this chakra are thought to be related to ulcers, cancerous tumors, diabetes, hepatitis, anorexia, bulimia, and all stomach-related issues (Seaward, 2012, p. 74.) Should the Western Culture accept the solar plexus chakra, it would promote feelings of peace and inner harmony within one’s self and in life. It would allow people to accept themselves complete ly, and respect the feelings and character traits of others (â€Å"The Human Chakra System,† 2009.) The fourth chakra is known as the heart chakra. It is considered to be one of the most important energy centers of the body. The heart chakra refers to our ability to express love (Seaward, 2012, p. 74.) It is located in the center of the chest, just above the heart (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) The heart is not the only organ closely tied to this chakra as the lungs, breasts, and esophagus are included. Symptoms of a blocked heart chakra include heart attacks, enlarged heart, asthma, allergies, lung cancer, bronchial difficulties, circulation problems, and problems associated with the upper back and shoulders. An important association exists between the heart chakra and the thymus gland. The thymus gland gets smaller with age and is believed to be a reflection of the state of the heart chakra (Seaward, 2012, p. 74.) The advantage those in the Western Culture would see from accepting the heart chakra involve warmth, sincerity and happiness. These energies open th e hearts of others, inspiring confidence and creating joy among them (â€Å"The Human Chakra System,† 2009.) The fifth charka is located and greatly connected to the throat. Organs associated with the throat chakra are the thyroid, parathyroid glands, mouth, vocal chords, and trachea. This chakra represents the development of personal expression, creativity, purpose in life, and willpower (Seaward, 2012, p. 74.) The inability to express oneself in feelings or creativity distorts the flow of energy to the throat chakra and is thought to result in chronic sore throat problems, throat and mouth cancers, stiffness in the neck area, thyroid dysfunction, migraines, and cancerous tumors in this region (Seaward, 2012, p. 75.) Upon acceptance of the throat chakra, individual feelings, thoughts and inner knowledge could be expressed freely and without fear. Individuals are not manipulated by other’s opinions and they are able to stay true to who they really are without fear (â€Å"The Human Chakra System,† 2009.) The sixth chakra, known as the brow or third eye, is located on the forehead, between the eye brows. It refers to our ability to focus on and see the big picture (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) This chakra is associated with intuition and the ability to access the ageless wisdom or bank of knowledge in the depths of the universal consciousness. As energy moves through the dimension of universal wisdom into this chakra, it promotes the development of intelligence and reasoning skills. The sixth chakra is directly connected with the pituitary and pineal gland and feeds energy to the brain for information processing. The wisdom channeled through the brow chakra is more universal in nature with implications for the spiritual aspect of life. Diseases caused by dysfunction of the brow chakra include brain tumors, hemorrhages, blood clots, blindness, comas, depression, and schizophrenia. These types of diseases are believed to be caused by an individual’s inability to see something that is extremely important to their soul growth (Seaward, 2012, p. 75.) The biggest advantage to the acceptance of the third eye chakra is an increased ability of visualization and comprehension of things intuitively. In today’s society, too many people don’t trust their instincts (â€Å"The Human Chakra System,† 2009.) The seventh is the crown chakra. It is located at the very top of our head. It represents our ability to be fully connected spiritually (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) The highest level of consciousness is reached when the crown chakra is fully open and functioning. Although no specific disease or illness may be associated the crown chakra, every disease has a spiritual significance (Seaward, 2012, p. 75.) Some of the emotional issues associated with this chakra include inner and outer beauty, our connection to spirituality, and pure bliss (â€Å"The 7 Chakras for Beginners,† 2009.) Western Culture is accepting only of this chakra. In fact, it is highly useful in acupuncture therapy. Resources MindBodyGreen. (2009, October 27). The 7 Chakras for Beginners: Healing, balancing, and opening your chakras with exercises, foods, colors. Retrieved January 10, 2013 from http://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-91/The-7-Chakras-for-Beginners.html Richards, R. (2009, September 20). The Human Chakra System. Retrieved January 10, 2013 from http://www.rickrichards.com/chakras/Chakras2.html Seward, B. L. (2012). Managing Stress: Principles and strategies for health and well-being. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning

High School Can Be A Scary Education Essay

High School can be a chilling, daunting clip for pupils, particularly those unfamiliar with the civilization and linguistic communication of their equals. The Introduction to America Program addresses the particular challenges confronting freshly arrived immigrant high school pupils, with small or no English linguistic communication accomplishments, to the Yonkers Public Schools. Due to the deficiency of resources in the school system, these kids frequently fall between the clefts, or worse become victims of intimidation and packs. The Introduction to America plan will function as an early intercession system to topographic point and maintain these pupils on the right way and in a safe environment. It will work to make a comprehensive support system around these pupils through a partnership with the school and local bilingual community.Background and Mission:The JCY-Westchester Community Partners enriches the lives of 1000s of kids, households and older grownups in Westchester County every twelvemonth through a assortment of effectual larning enterprises. One of the most noteworthy properties of the JCY-WCP is the organisation ‘s ability to construct alliances and surrogate coaction with other service bureaus in our metropolis and county, which aids in the efficient and effectual disposal of our plans. Each spring we have a diverseness plan that teaches over 2,000 inner-city school kids tolerance, humanity and how to be an â€Å" upstander † as opposed to a bystander through our one-year hebdomad long Holocaust Remembrance plan. We raise financess for 17 scholarships yearly for high school seniors in Yonkers regardless of race or ethnicity. We conduct intergenerational plans with an asset-based attack by using the accomplishments and life cognition of our older grownup population and seting it into service to assist the kids with the most need. We are proud that JCY-WCP has been functioning the community for over 90 old ages and has evolved to func tion underprivileged people of all ages and cultural backgrounds populating in Westchester County. The mission of the JCY-Westchester Community Partners ( JCY-WCP ) is to heighten the educational experience of kids in Westchester County through effectual learning enterprises and the battle of voluntary wise mans.Demographics and Community NeedsMore than 26,000 pupils from 105 states who speak 42 different linguistic communications comprise the pupil organic structure of the Yonkers Public School system. As most urban school territories do, it faces legion issues and challenges due to its diverse registration and minimum resources. 72 % of the pupil organic structure is economically disadvantaged as determined by the per centum of pupils who are eligible for free or decreased tiffin. The racial composing of the City of Yonkers school population is 25 % African American, 52 % Hispanic, 6 % Asian/Pacific Islander and 18 % White/Other. The population of Yonkers International Baccalaureate High School is 66 % economically disadvantaged based on eligibility for free or decreased school tiffin. Racially the school ‘s is composed of 14 % African American, 43 % Hispanic, 14 % Asian/Pacific Islander and 28 % White/Other. The high demands of many of the kids in the Yonkers Public Schools can non ever be met due to a deficiency of support and resources, and freshly immigrated high school pupils who do non talk English are at a great disadvantage on many degrees. Besides holding to larn a new linguistic communication, they must rapidly acclimatize to a new civilization and tantrum into an American high school. The pupils are given English as Second Language classes which helps them in geting linguistic communication accomplishments but this is limited to two periods ( 1A? hours ) per twenty-four hours. They are so on their ain for the remainder of the twenty-four hours, larning math, scientific discipline, history and any other topics in English speech production categories. This can make a spread in their apprehension due to a deficiency of English linguistic communication accomplishments and this is where our resources fit in to make full that spread. Additionally, one-on-one aid can do the difference in academic accomplishments and will necessarily assist them experience portion of the larger school community every bit good as the pupils experiencing that their school is a safe physical infinite to acquire acclimated.Description of ProgramThe Yonkers Public Schools has a big population of freshly immigrated pupils, and those on the high school degree have excess demands as they are required to larn English every bit good as base on balls all State Regent test before graduating. The Yonkers Public Schools have suffered with inordinate budget cuts which have about eliminated support staff in the schools that would hold been able to help these pupils during their passage. Introduction to America creates a comprehensive academic twelvemonth plan that will make a support system around each pupil so that they feel safe in their new environment and are able to win academically. Students in the plan will be given several resources to help them in experiencing safe and accomplishing in school and in the community. Childs from the Yonkers High School Bilingual Program will be identified by school staff to take part in the plan. ( 20 – 30 pupils ) We will convey in adept advisers who will carry on workshops on a regular footing in their categories to help the pupils with acclimatizing to society, understanding outlooks and experiencing safe. Parents will be invited to fall in in the workshops to understand how their function is relevant. ( Many freshly immigrated parents are unwilling to step frontward and recommend for their kid out of fright and deficiency of cognition ) Subjects will include ( but are non limited to ) : Anti-Bullying attempts ( strong-arming and being bullied ) Dangers of Social Networking Cultural alterations How to acknowledge and avoid packs Health and Safety We will spouse with the school ‘s bing Title III services with particular attending to academic demands. This will supply targeted direction and maintain the pupil on par with grade degree Assure that they take and pass the English Regent Exam Provide extra academic support in pupils ‘ academic country ( s ) of failing Each kid will be paired with an grownup voluntary from the community that speaks their linguistic communication. This voluntary will perpetrate to run into with the pupil one time a hebdomad for the full school twelvemonth. The voluntary will go to the pupil ‘s ESL ( English as a Second Language ) category every bit good as one extra category period. The voluntary acts as a coach to assist their pupil with category work and prep assignments. They help them with pronunciation, interlingual rendition, and to construe cultural differences and nuanced linguistic communication which is hard for new English talkers to understand. This one-to-one attending helps to increase their communications accomplishments and familiarise them with American civilization. They will go to plan workshops with the pupil to move as a transcriber when necessary. The voluntary besides serves as a wise man by making a trusting relationship with the pupil and an enriched environment for larning and academic aid. Additionally, this offers a safe, comfy oasis, within the pupils ain school, where they can present inquiries and portion his/her sentiment this is something that may non be available in their place or with their equals. Students in the plan will besides be paired with specific American high school pupils that are culturally sensitive and want to assist take this pupil â€Å" under their wing † . ( Buddy system ) This brother would be available to: Talk to and reply inquiries about the school civilization Serve as a general affair between the pupil and the school community ( Such as the school nurse, instructors and decision makers ) Aid with voyaging the American school system and accessing services in their ain school. Make a connexion with the general population of pupils, therefore beef uping the feeling of community, increasing tolerance and cut downing intimidation. We will work with School Administration to look into supplying A â€Å" Safe Haven/ Drop – in Center † a topographic point where intimidation and other emphasis can be communicated and supply a feeling of belonging to a group. ( socially- supportive ) Supply appropriate resources for instructors in cultural sensitiveness and diversenessPlan ends, outlooks and resultsOur end is to run this plan in Yonkers International Baccalaureate High School and to function 20 to 30 pupils in the Bilingual Program. We will help them in bettering their linguistic communication accomplishments, attitudes towards school and acclimatization to American civilization, therefore giving them a better opportunity at success academically and beyond. We presently have pupils who speak Spanish, Arabic, Portuguese, Creole, Bengali, Polish and Ukrainian and anticipate more fledglings who speak other linguistic communications as good. The plan ‘s outlooks are to supply the freshly arrived immigrant pupil an enriched environment for larning with: A safe infinite for pupils to inquire inquiries Information and resources non available through the school system Academic aid Mentoring One on one aid Personalized aid or each pupil The plans ultimate result would guarantee each kid a high school sheepskin. Budget Workshops/Consultants 2,500 Volunteer Recruiting and Training Expenses 3,000 Plan Materials and Supplies 1,800 Administrative costs including direction, public dealingss, development, promotion etc. 3,500 Transportation ( workshops ) 1,200 Program Personnel ( Salary and Benefits ) 23,000Entire Expenses35,000RationaleDue to the globalized province of the universe there will go on to be a rise in new immigrant pupil population. This is a critical facet and there will go on to be a big migrate pupil organic structure. The pupil landscape is continually transforming. The issues that these pupils face need to be addressed every bit shortly as possible to guarantee productive educational experience. The Newly Immigrated pupils have to cover with huge sums of transmutations. These alterations need to be addressed by a plan that can ease a positive assimilation in the civilization of the community, school/student life and place life. This plan will be designed to so run into the following kineticss: emotional, school and place environment. These pupils have to be given particular attending to guarantee specific demands are met. This will supply an underpinning to which these pupils can develop and hold the opportunity to prosecute higher instruction and future enterpr ises in a positive mode.Issues Students Face:Parents frequently times both work and are non able to buffer the civilization shock the pupils are sing. Therefore these experiences rely to a great extent on their school experiences. ( Fellow pupils, instructors and staff ) Often these parents are illiterate in their ain linguistic communications. Culture Shock- These pupils experience a clip period of accommodation. Thus interactions and societal exchanges are important to the result of assimilation. Social isolation due to linguistic communication barriers. Invagination and backdown from immediate environment. This response is used as a header mechanism. Unable to pass on with equals will further â€Å" otherize † the pupil. Class engagement is lower, instructors do non hold the clip to individualise educational/classroom experience. Self-esteem is affected as a consequence of non being able to interact with pupil life because their cultural mention point is different. Social disjunction – frequently clip marks of intimidation, the response being farther invagination or societal credence in negative microcosms ( packs ) . To see being a portion of the civilization. Teachers do n't hold the clip or cognition that it ‘s non merely a linguistic communication barrier but cultural differences. At times alienated and ostracized by instructors and school staff, as in inferior pupils High degrees of frustration/ impede on larning Anxiety, hence drop-out rate is higher because important demands are non being metProgram HistoryDuring the 2010-2011 school twelvemonth, for the months of April through June, a smaller version this plan was piloted at Gorton High School, Early College High School and Yonkers High School in Yonkers where pupils worked with bilingual voluntaries in the community. Even with this short clip span, based on conversations with the take parting pupils, voluntaries and school forces, many of the pupils showed an betterment in attitude in their categories every bit good as improved classs on trials and schoolroom assignments. By integrating extra resources and constituents into the plan this coming twelvemonth, we hope to hold a larger impact on pupils ‘ academic accomplishment every bit good as their community engagement. The Yonkers Public Schools are holding enormous budgetary issues and have therefore non been able to fund this plan for the 2011-2012 school old ages, but have been willing to include us in grant chances, as they arise, aiming this population.DrumheadAll pupils deserve the right to see success in school and make their full possible. As a big portion of the hereafter of our state, all immigrant young person should hold the same chances and dream the same dreams as their equals. Since schools serve as a theoretical account for society, they need to further an environment of regard for all. Using a multicultural attack and regard for diverseness in today ‘s schools builds a stronger America. As we learn to understand each other, we learn to go a squad, working for the common end of regard for all world. I hope this survey and others like it will convey greater apprehension, and contribute to the ends of encompassing diverseness and appreciating differences.

Free Essays on Prisons In Th US

Many prisons throughout the United States have been experiencing the problem of over crowdedness. This is not a new issue though; in April of 1978 New York State was already feeling the affect of crowded prisons. In an attempt to alleviate the problem the state tried to buy Richers Island from New York City. Since then a rise in population and in poverty have increased the problem. The main problem was coming up with programs that kept criminals off the streets without overpopulating the prisons. One example of how the government tried to make the streets safer was by imposing mandatory minimum sentences. They were designed to put people behind bars that until then were being released with nothing more than a slap on the wrist. The problem began when they realized that although fewer criminals were on the streets there were also more in prison, which took up space for new prisoners, who in some cases should be there before the ones that already inhabited the jail. There have been man y new experimental programs in which the government is trying to keep the prison population down. Some of these have proved to be very successful while others have failed. Although not everybody agrees on what the solution they do agree that something has to be changed. Although many agree that mandatory minimum sentences are out dated and should not be imposed any longer, there are those who approve and support them. Those in favor of them have two strong reasons for their beliefs. First, they believe that the sentences act as a deterrent to possible criminals. The sentences are especially aimed at drug related crimes. The idea was to deter people, especially teens; from looking to make some money in the drug business by weighing it against the jail time they would receive if the were caught. This also directly makes the streets safer by scaring people away from a life of crime. Another argument people have in favor of the sentencing is it speeds up t... Free Essays on Prisons In Th US Free Essays on Prisons In Th US Many prisons throughout the United States have been experiencing the problem of over crowdedness. This is not a new issue though; in April of 1978 New York State was already feeling the affect of crowded prisons. In an attempt to alleviate the problem the state tried to buy Richers Island from New York City. Since then a rise in population and in poverty have increased the problem. The main problem was coming up with programs that kept criminals off the streets without overpopulating the prisons. One example of how the government tried to make the streets safer was by imposing mandatory minimum sentences. They were designed to put people behind bars that until then were being released with nothing more than a slap on the wrist. The problem began when they realized that although fewer criminals were on the streets there were also more in prison, which took up space for new prisoners, who in some cases should be there before the ones that already inhabited the jail. There have been man y new experimental programs in which the government is trying to keep the prison population down. Some of these have proved to be very successful while others have failed. Although not everybody agrees on what the solution they do agree that something has to be changed. Although many agree that mandatory minimum sentences are out dated and should not be imposed any longer, there are those who approve and support them. Those in favor of them have two strong reasons for their beliefs. First, they believe that the sentences act as a deterrent to possible criminals. The sentences are especially aimed at drug related crimes. The idea was to deter people, especially teens; from looking to make some money in the drug business by weighing it against the jail time they would receive if the were caught. This also directly makes the streets safer by scaring people away from a life of crime. Another argument people have in favor of the sentencing is it speeds up t...

How to Nurture the Markets You Know

How to Nurture the Markets You Know Recently, I hung out on an online writers workshop group, and the talk traveled to diversification. My fellow  Ã‚  writers tried to convince me, yet again, to write for businesses and corporations. This didnt sound totally right to me. Wasnt magazine publishing a business, too? I said that, for now, I would stick to articles. The moderator, an internationally praised freelance journalist, praised my fortitude. In the end, I guessed, it was about sticking to what you know, what made you comfortable. Over the last year, I realized that sticking to good markets, like staying faithful to a good spouse, could save your life in the end. I learned to nurture the markets I knew. Like most people, I hated selling myself to strangers. Strange magazine editors, with their cold inboxes and expectations of knock-your-sock-off queries, were no exception. This realization had improved my relationships with editors. Now I feel more confident that Ill get off welfare and succeed, again, as a full-time writer. I have hope again in the â€Å"meat market† freelancer situation of 2014, where A+ authors are competing like never before with the merely very good. I always considered myself a wonderful writer, but fighting for crumbs with Columbia Journalism School grads had really depressed me. In the end, I ended up being the girl who learned that she didnt have to attract the captain of the football team, or even had to work overtime to be pretty and dateable – at least in this cutthroat market. She just had to be laid-back with unglamorous but well-paying and consistent magazine markets. Finding Faithful Markets I have three rules to finding, keeping, and nurturing markets. 1. When contacting a magazine with a query or letter of introduction, I like to deal with publications that respond quickly. For first-time assignments, I dont deal with any magazine that doesnt make a decision within two weeks. The old-style, three-month rule of New York publishing doesnt apply to most magazines currently looking for freelancers. Your market should be like a date thats TRULY interested in you. 2. I also prefer magazines that are generous with assignment information. Obviously, knowing how to create a professional article is paramount. However, I hate it when an editor leaves everything to me; possible conflicts can and often do arise. I always verify length of article, deadline, slant of article, and of course payment amount. 3. After finishing an article for a publication, if they encourage me to submit more stuff, they make me especially happy, and they go to the head of my idea queue. I admit that some publications are not pro-active. They are like the shy but good guy, and sometimes, I make the first step to maintain a good relationship. However, perpetually making the first step with markets that dont respond is a waste of time. I only have a limited time for my career. For the best use of my effort, I emphasize my work with markets that respond to me quickly, consistently, and professionally. Markets Here are five trade magazines currently looking for freelancers who deliver consistently. Minority Nurse Magazine minoritynurse.com Contact: Megan Larkin mlarkin@springerpub.com Tea Coffee Trade Journal teaandcoffee.net Contact: Vanessa Facenda v.facenda@lockwoodpublications.com Vineyard Winery Management vwmmedia.com Contact: Tina Caputo tcaputo@vwmmedia.com Medical Economics http://medicaleconomics.modernmedicine.com/ Contact: Dan Verdon dverdon@advanstar.com Cleveland Business Connects (CBC) Magazine cbcmagazine.com Contact: Thomas Skernivitz tom@cbcmagazine.com Find out more about Behlor Email: thebxscribbler1980@gmail.com Website: behlorsanti.net LinkedIn: linkedin.com/pub/behlor-santi/53/32/193

Adult Learning in Context - Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Adult Learning in Context - - Case Study Example I have an experience of working with adult learners when a CEO of a printing unit near my home requested my services for improving the communication abilities of their production workers. This unit was consisting of around 100 printing workers from different countries. Because of the diversity in workforce, this unit faced so many troubles in effective communication which affected their growth prospects immensely. Even though the workers were skilled ones, lack of understanding between them resulted in lack of coordination and subsequent production problems. The company CEO asked me to give the entire production staff week long training with respect to effective communication in a multicultural environment. The training session was arranged after the regular schedule of the works and lasted for two hours continuously for a week. This paper is written as a case study based on the experiences I received from adult learners of the week long training class I have taken for around 100 pro duction workers from different countries. CAEL, (n. d) has mentioned that adult students have unique needs like Academic and motivational advising supportive of their life and career goals and Recognition of previously obtained experience- and work-based learning (CAEL, n. d., p. iv). Most of the workers who attended the training were keen in seeking advices from me for their career goals. Unlike the normal students, adults showed no hesitancy in clearing their doubts. But most of their doubts were related to their career goals. They were eager to know about the possibilities of building a successful career with the help of improved communication abilities. Another important factor which attracted me was their enthusiasm in incorporating their past work based knowledge to the topics which I explained in the class. For example, when I explained that information communicated through nonverbal means are more than verbal means, most of them agreed with it. Some of them

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 128

Discussion - Essay Example She describes it as the management for uncertainties. She denotes that Agile embraces change by determining the requirements of a project and implementing them throughout the project thereby making it easy to accommodate any changes. The other difference, according to Erin, is that the Agile approach promotes the implementation of user stories in which common risks are mitigated and return on investment realized. According to Erin, the Agile approach drives the scope while the Iron Triangle of Waterfall fixes it. In this case, the Iron Triangle determines the scope of a project before estimating the effort needed to make the project a reality. Finally, the time required and budget needed for the implementation of the project are derived from these estimates (Erin). An Agile project, on the contrary, begins with a high-level build-up of features and allows for the selection of specific user stories needed for implementation throughout the project. In this case, the project scope is defined in the entire project hence the feeling that it changes in the entire process. After a clear analysis of Erin’s lecture, it is important to note that the Agile approach can be used in the personal projects. When used, cases of project inflexibility and uncertainties can be